2016 NISSAN ALTIMA 2.5 S VIN 1N4AL3AP4GC239428

This entry is for a 2016 Nissan Altima 2.5 S, finished in silver. The fuel is petrol. There is an automatic gearbox, with front-wheel drive.

The number on the clock proves little by itself; earlier figures logged at services and inspections are what make it believable. Figures carry most weight when they come from independent sources: workshops, inspection stations and past title paperwork.

The main issue noted for this car is damage to the left side. A damage entry is a starting point for the inspection, telling the mechanic where to look first. With damage to the left side on file, the inspection should start with the pillars, sills and doors on the left side.

The record describes this Nissan Altima 2.5 S as a non-runner. The engine would not start, which can mean anything from a flat battery to serious mechanical damage. No key is recorded with the car, and a replacement has to be coded to the immobiliser. Months of standing can leave a car with seized brakes and perished tyres.

The car carries a non-repairable title. A title like this is issued when repair was judged uneconomical or unsafe. Once issued, a branded title stays with the VIN for good, and it affects registration and insurance for every later owner.

A car’s history answers three questions: who kept it, how it was looked after and what went wrong along the way. The paperwork is kept by different bodies – registries, workshops, insurance companies and lenders – so the history of one car is spread across many places. A car’s past rarely shows on the paintwork: a well-repaired accident or water damage that was dried out is easy to miss.

When a car does not run, a compression test and the condition of the oil tell a mechanic whether the engine can be brought back to life. Many modern petrol engines are turbocharged and direct-injected; where they are, the turbocharger and injectors belong on a specialist’s checklist. On a car that does not run, the automatic gearbox cannot be judged on the road; the colour and smell of its fluid and a diagnostic scan give the first clues.

A history check works by VIN because the number never changes, unlike registration plates and owners. This car’s identification number is 1N4AL3AP4GC239428. Scratches, fresh paint or a replaced plate around the VIN markings are warning signs in their own right.

A VIN report gathers what different sources know about a car, such as the number of owners, mileage readings, damage and any branded title. Paperwork is only as complete as the people who kept it, so a report with few entries lowers the risk without removing it. However complete the paperwork, only an inspection shows the condition of the body, suspension, brakes and electrics today. The next step is to look up the history behind VIN 1N4AL3AP4GC239428.