2012 SUBARU IMPREZA PREMIUM VIN JF1GJAB69CH005373

This record covers a 2012 Subaru Impreza Premium. The engine is a 2.0-litre petrol unit with four cylinders. The gearbox is continuously variable (CVT). The specification is taken from the source data.

The clock stood at 115,040 miles when the data was entered. The number on the clock proves little by itself; earlier figures logged at services and inspections are what make it believable. Older figures usually turn up on service invoices, inspection reports and past title paperwork.

No damage entry is on file for this car, and the bodywork still needs checking in person. Signs of an old repair – uneven panel gaps, overspray, a slight mismatch in paint – can still turn up at an inspection.

At the time of recording, the car ran and drove. A key is on file for the car. Condition notes are a snapshot: the car may have been worked on, stripped of parts or left standing since.

The car carries a clean title. Nothing on the title points to a total loss or a flood.

A car’s history is everything logged against it since it left the factory: registrations and owners, inspections, repairs and insurance claims. The paperwork is kept by different bodies – registries, workshops, insurance companies and lenders – so the history of one car is spread across many places. From the outside, a car with a repaired accident and a car without one can look identical.

A cold start, the colour of the exhaust smoke and any oil leaks tell a mechanic a good deal about how an engine has been treated. A petrol engine in good order starts cleanly, idles evenly and pulls without hesitation. The CVT gearbox needs its fluid changed at the manufacturer’s intervals, and invoices should show that it was. With all-wheel drive, mismatched tyres can strain the centre differential or coupling, so all four should be the same make and similarly worn.

Every modern car carries a 17-character VIN, its identity for life, and no two cars share one. The record gives the VIN as JF1GJAB69CH005373. The number in the car’s documents should match the one stamped into the body and the one on the plate at the base of the windscreen.

A VIN report shows what has been logged: earlier registrations, odometer figures, damage entries, branded titles and theft checks, wherever such data exists. A repair paid for in cash at a small workshop leaves no trace in any database, so no report can list it. A VIN check and a physical inspection answer different questions: the first says what happened to the car, the second what condition it is in now. The next step is to look up the history behind VIN JF1GJAB69CH005373.